The process of processing fine copper wire from coarse copper rod mainly involves drawing technology and intermediate heat treatment. The following is a step-by-step explanation:

1. Pre treat coarse copper rod

Clean surface: The rough copper rod may have an oxide layer or impurities, which need to be removed by acid washing or mechanical polishing to ensure a smooth surface.

Lubrication treatment: Apply lubricant (such as soap solution or specialized grease) to reduce friction during the subsequent drawing process. 2. Wire drawing (cold processing)

Drawing machine and mold: Thread the coarse copper rod through a series of hard alloy or diamond molds, gradually reducing the mold aperture (such as from 8mm to 0.1mm).

Step by step reduction: After each drawing, the diameter of the copper rod decreases and the length increases. For example, the first time pulling from 8mm to 5mm, the second time to 3mm, and so on.

Cold work hardening: Copper becomes hard and brittle during drawing due to plastic deformation, and the drawing speed needs to be controlled to avoid fracture.

3. Intermediate annealing (restoring ductility)

Annealing treatment: After the copper wire becomes hard, it is heated to 500-700 ℃ in a protective atmosphere (such as nitrogen), kept warm, and slowly cooled.

Function: Eliminate internal stress, restore ductility, and facilitate further thinning.

4. Repeat drawing and annealing

According to the target diameter, cycle through drawing → annealing → drawing until the desired fineness is achieved (such as 0.05mm copper wire commonly used in the electronics industry).

5. Post processing

Cleaning: Remove residual lubricant.

Coating: Some applications require tin plating or insulation coating (such as enameled wire).

Testing: Testing for diameter uniformity, conductivity, and tensile strength.

Why not directly cast fine copper wire?

Direct casting is difficult to control micrometer level precision, and cold processed copper wire has higher strength and better conductivity (denser grain structure).

Summary process:

Coarse copper rod → cleaning → lubrication → drawing → annealing → cyclic drawing/annealing → post-treatment → fine copper wire

This process combines precise control of physical deformation and heat treatment to ensure that the copper wire is both flexible and functional.

Article source: Internet

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